Samaneh Zandifar
1 
, Hossein Mardanparvar
2 , Saeid Mohammadi
3 , Sara Dehghan
2* 1 Independent Researcher, Isfahan, Iran.
2 Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
3 Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Europian University of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia.
Abstract
Hyperparathyroidism is a condition where the parathyroid glands produce excess parathyroid hormone, increasing calcium levels in the blood. Chronic hypercalcemia due to hyperparathyroidism has been linked with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and other vascular complications such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, and thrombosis.