Nickan Research Institute Journal of Parathyroid Disease 2345-6558 4 1 2016 01 01 Pulmonary hypertension and deficiency of vitamin D 31 33 EN Sara Beigrezaei Hamid Nasri Journal Article Pulmonary hypertension has been observed to be elevated among end-stage renal disease and patients who are on dialysis. Several investigations, have demonstrated that, pulmonary hypertension in end-stage kidney failure patients is related to expressively enhanced mortality and morbidity. Pulmonary hypertension represents a group of comparatively erratic illnesses that causes different pulmonary vascular alterations including vasoconstriction, endothelial and smooth muscle cell proliferation, thrombosis and inflammation cause sustained high pulmonary vascular resistance and pulmonary arterial pressure. Hyperparathyroidism secondary to vitamin D deficiency may has a role in higher pulmonary arterial pressure and might be a relationship between pulmonary hypertension and vitamin D deficiency.