Nickan Research Institute Journal of Parathyroid Disease 2345-6558 12 1 2024 01 01 Recent advancements in the treatment of tertiary hyperparathyroidism e11259 e11259 10.34172/jpd.2024.11259 EN Parisa Tajdini https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3045-6880 Simin Mazaheri Tehrani https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5670-0506 Yasaman Vahdani https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3844-2333 Journal Article 10.34172/jpd.2024.11259 2024 02 13 2024 04 26 Tertiary hyperparathyroidism is a condition characterized by excessive production of parathyroid hormone (PTH) by the parathyroid glands, leading to increased calcium levels in the blood. It typically occurs in patients with long-standing secondary hyperparathyroidism, often as a result of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The primary treatment goal for tertiary hyperparathyroidism is to normalize PTH levels and maintain calcium and phosphorus balance. This typically involves the use of medications to control hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia. Calcimimetic agents, such as cinacalcet, can help lower PTH levels by increasing the sensitivity of the calcium-sensing receptors on the parathyroid glands. Additionally, phosphate binders can be prescribed to reduce serum phosphate levels.